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See Capital Gains (below)

PROPERTY TAXES

Scottsdale Taxes per year = estimate>about 1% of *Assessed Value*

(NOT Market Value)  Explained below!

The following examples show the applicable assessment ratios and computation of taxes for residential and commercial property owners:  The Assessed Value divided by 100, times the tax rate.

Click here for a full description>>  http://www.maricopa.gov/Assessor/FaqAll.aspx#PropertyTax <<how are taxes calculated.

Maricopa County Assessor: http://www.maricopa.gov/Assessor/

http://www.maricopa.gov/finance/taxlevy.asp  <<click here for current rates.  http://www.maricopa.gov/Assessor/FaqAll.aspx#PropertyTax  <<click here for current rates.

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What is Full Cash Value? Full Cash Value (FCV) is the current market value of the land and any improvements. It is also used to compute secondary taxes for bonds, budget overrides, special districts (fire or flood control), and other limited purpose districts.

What is Limited Property Value? Limited Property Value (LPV) is the basis for computing primary taxes used to provide operational expenses for government and schools. It is calculated according to a statutory formula. The LPV cannot exceed Full Cash Value.

What is Real Property? Real Property includes land, buildings, and other improvements on the land.

What is Legal Class? The Legal Class is determined by the use of the property. If an individual parcel has more than one use, it will be assigned multiple Legal Classes and a "mixed ratio" will be applied to the value.

How is Assessed Value determined? The Assessed Value of each property class is determined using percentages set by the State Legislature. The following percentages apply to the three most used classifications.

  • Residential -10%
  • Commercial -25% for Tax year 2005 declining to 20% over 10 years
  • Land -16%

How are my Property Taxes computed? The Assessed Value divided by 100, times the tax rate (set in August of each year) determines property taxes billed in September. The County Treasurer bills for, collects, and distributes the property taxes

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Residential: EXAMPLE ONLY - A home with an Assessor’s full cash value of $100,000 is multiplied by the assessment ratio to determine the assessed value. The residential assessment ratio is 10%, so the assessed value would be $10,000. Applying the current rate of $9.9943 per $100 of assessed value, the approximate tax would be $999 based on: ($10,000 / $100) = 100 x $9.9943 = $999.  A portion of the total tax due from the owner-occupied property owner is offset by a credit appropriated from a State Aid to Education fund.  The tax rate above of 9.9943 is net of any special district amount (i.e. lighting district).

ACTUAL 2003-2004 Scottsdale Residential Tax Bill:

Primary house value = $289,300 ASSESSED VALUE (Market Value is much higher)

Includes: County, Education, City (Scottsdale), School Dist 93, Community College tax = $1505.84

   Assessment rate of 10% = 28,930.00

Secondary house value = $320,500 ASSESSED  Primary and Secondary are different for some reason.  (I do not know why!) 

Assessment rate of 10% = 32,050.00

Includes: Flood, CAWCD, Overrides, Fire, other School, Library, etc. = $862.20

TOTAL TAX = $2368.04/year  

or just short of 1% of "Assessed Value". (.007 of $320,500 based on *Assessed Value*)

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Commercial Property: A commercial building with an Assessor’s full cash value of $10,000,000 is multiplied by the commercial assessment ratio of 25%, so the assessed value would be $2,500,000. Applying the current rate of $9.9943 per $100 of assessed value, the approximate tax would be $249,858 based on: ($2,500,000 / $100) = 25,000 x $9.9943 = $249,858.

Vacant Land: The assessment ratio is 16%.
Leased or Rented Residential Property
: The assessment ratio is 10%.

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Tax Break for Sellers Could Provide Relief

Sept. 5, 2002 -- Some home sellers who may be concerned they owe capital-gains taxes are about to get good news from the Treasury.

Treasury and IRS officials are expected to issue an interpretation of a 1997 law that will increase the number of people who can avoid owing capital-gains taxes when they own a home for less than two years and sell it for a profit. The decision will be especially good news for people who sold because of such unforeseen circumstances as the death of a spouse or the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks.

That 1997 law eliminated capital-gains taxes for most people who sold their primary residence after having owned it for at least two years. This new twist will benefit many people who can't pass the two-year test.

Here is a refresher course on that law and the basics of the important new rules likely to be issued soon, possibly this week:

If you're single and you sell your home, you generally can exclude a gain of as much as $250,000. If you are married and filing jointly, you can exclude a gain of as much as $500,000. But to be eligible for the full exclusion, you must have owned your home and lived in it as your primary residence for at least two of the five years prior to the sale.

Even if you sell before two years, you may be able to reduce or eliminate capital-gains taxes on your profit under certain circumstances. The law lists three. The first two are health reasons or a change in your place of employment.

The third: "unforeseen circumstances." Alas, the law didn't bother defining what those are, and the IRS has said you can't cite "unforeseen circumstances" as a reason until final regulations are issued spelling out what they are.

Treasury officials have received comments from the public saying the final regulations should include the death of a taxpayer's spouse, "man-made disasters" and acts of war, among other things, as "unforeseen circumstances." Officials say all of these items will be included in the final regulations.

Divorce is also widely expected to be on the list.

The final regulations also will provide the IRS commissioner with the discretion to decide that other circumstances may qualify as unforeseen circumstances.

Taxpayers affected by the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks can cite those as an example of unforeseen circumstances, officials say. This includes not only the taxpayer but also that person's spouse, a co-owner of the home or someone "whose principal place of abode is in the same household as the taxpayer." A notice to be issued soon will give additional details.

Here is an example of how to figure the exclusion for homeowners who can't meet the two-year test: Suppose you sold your home for health reasons after having owned it for exactly one year. In that case, take 50% of the maximum exclusion of $250,000 for most singles, or $500,000 for joint filers.

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IRS UPDATE on Capital Gains for Homeowners upon sale.

New Federal Tax Rules Clarify Home Sale Capital Gains Exclusions

by Kenneth R. Harney

After nearly three years of uncertainty, the IRS has now delivered the answers to questions that have bedeviled home sellers, Realtors and professional tax advisers. In year-end regulations, the IRS clarified its rules on capital gains exclusions for profits on home sales.

The largest category of people affected are those who sell their homes prior to the standard two-year holding period required for the maximum capital gains exclusions of $250,000 (single filers) and $500,000 (married, joint filers). The standard rules allow sellers to exclude up to those maximum amounts of sale profits provided they have owned and used their property as a principal residence for an aggregate two out of the five years preceding the sale. Any profits beyond the exclusion amounts are taxed at capital gains rates.

For taxpayers who sell after ownership and use of less than two years, Congress created a partial exclusion or shelter back in 1997-1998: You can claim a portion of the maximum exclusion if you sell early because of a change in employment, a change in health, or because of “unforeseen circumstances.” For example, a single homeowner who sold his property for a profit after just one year because of a corporate transfer could claim one half of the full $250,000 standard exclusion--$125,000.

In the absence of formal regulatory guidance from the IRS interpreting employment change, health change and “unforeseen circumstances,” many taxpayers have been reluctant to use the partial exclusion. The IRS itself warned taxpayers not to claim “unforeseen circumstances” on their returns until the agency itself spelled out precisely what circumstances qualify.

Now the IRS has done so with interim rules, opening the door to partial exclusion claims for tax year 2002 and any prior year’s returns where a refund may be available under the new rules. (For such situations, taxpayers can file for refunds using Form 1040X.)

On “unforeseen circumstances,” the IRS lists seven major categories that create a “safe harbor” that automatically makes the claim eligible:

  • Death of the taxpayer, a spouse, a co-owner or any member of the taxpayer’s household.
  • Divorce or legal separation.
  • A job loss that results in eligibility for unemployment compensation.
  • A change in employment that leaves the taxpayer unable to pay the mortgage or basic living expenses.
  • Multiple births from the same pregnancy;
  • Damage to the residence resulting from a natural or man-made disaster, or an act of war or terrorism.
  • Condemnation, seizure or other involuntary conversion of the property.

The regulations also give the IRS commissioner the discretion to determine other circumstances that qualify as unforeseen.

On employment changes that trigger early sales, the IRS rule is straightforward: “A home sale will be considered related to a chain in employment if a qualified person’s new place of work is at least 50 miles farther from the old home than the old workplace was from that home. This is the same distance rule that applies for the moving expense deduction. The employment change must occur during the taxpayer’s ownership and use of the home as a residence.

The new rules allow a partial exclusion for health if “the primary reason is related to a disease, illness or injury” of the home seller or member of the household. If a physician recommends a change in residence for health reasons, that will be sufficient to claim the exclusion.

Published: December 30, 2002  School Taxes

Real property is valued annually by the County Assessor for assessment of property taxes. For a Scottsdale resident living within the Scottsdale Unified School District, the 2004 combined primary and secondary tax rate is $9.2992 per $100 of assessed value. Primary taxes are for the maintenance and operations of taxing districts. Secondary taxes are for voter-approved improvement projects, redemptive charges on bond indebtedness, and special district assessments.


The following examples show the applicable assessment ratios and computation of taxes for residential and commercial property owners:


Residential: A home with an Assessor’s full cash value of $100,000 is multiplied by the assessment ratio to determine the assessed value. The residential assessment ratio is 10%, so the assessed value would be $10,000. Applying the current rate of $9.2992 per $100 of assessed value, the approximate tax would be $929.92 based on $9.2992 x ($10,000 / $100).  A portion of the tax due from the owner-occupied property owner would be offset by a rebate paid through a State Aid to Education fund.  A tax rate above $9.2992 would result from additional special district assessments (i.e. lighting district).


Commercial Property: A commercial building with an Assessor’s full cash value of $10,000,000 is multiplied by the commercial assessment ratio of 25%, so the assessed value would be $2,500,000. Applying the current rate of $9.2992 per $100 of assessed value, the approximate tax would be $232,480.00 based on $9.2992 x ($2,500,000 / $100).
 

Vacant Land: The assessment ratio is 16%.


Leased or Rented Residential Property: The assessment ratio is 10%.

Property taxes are paid twice annually. The first half is due on October 1st and the second half is due on the following March 1st.
 

For information on payment of property taxes, contact the Maricopa County Treasurer  at (602) 506-8511.

  • What is Full Cash Value? Full Cash Value (FCV) is the current market value of the land and any improvements. It is also used to compute secondary taxes for bonds, budget overrides, special districts (fire or flood control), and other limited purpose districts.
  • What is Limited Property Value? Limited Property Value (LPV) is the basis for computing primary taxes used to provide operational expenses for government and schools. It is calculated according to a statutory formula. The LPV cannot exceed Full Cash Value.
  • What is Real Property? Real Property includes land, buildings, and other improvements on the land.
  • What is Legal Class? The Legal Class is determined by the use of the property. If an individual parcel has more than one use, it will be assigned multiple Legal Classes and a "mixed ratio" will be applied to the value.
  • How is Assessed Value determined? The Assessed Value of each property class is determined using percentages set by the State Legislature. The following percentages apply to the three most used classifications.
    • Residential -10%
    • Commercial -25%
    • Land -16%
  • How are my Property Taxes computed? The Assessed Value divided by 100, times the tax rate (set in August of each year) determines property taxes billed in September. The County Treasurer bills for, collects, and distributes the property taxes.
 

Property taxes pay for all kinds of services, from schools, to fire stations, to parks and libraries. Maricopa County uses its portion of your property tax to pay for County services like the Superior Court system and the Sheriff’s Office. Public safety and health, transportation, and emergency services could not exist without the funding provided by property taxes.

Your "Notice of Value" is not a bill, but a document that contains important information about your property and its value, which will be used to determine your taxes.

It is the Maricopa County Assessor’s job to identify and appraise all real estate and business personal property throughout Maricopa County and then notify the owners of our findings through the "Notice of Value". Throughout the year, appraisers who are employees of the Assessor's Office travel throughout the county gathering property information to determine its value. The results of their efforts are shown on the "Notice of Value".

When you receive the "Notice of Value", the first thing you should notice is the Tax Year. This is the year in which your tax payment for this valuation will be due. Remember, the valuation notice is not a bill. You will receive a tax bill from the County Treasurer’s Office in September of the tax year specified here.

The Parcel ID number or APN identifies the parcel for taxing purposes and should always be used when making inquiries with the Assessor’s Office.

The Notice Date is the mail date of the valuation notice. This date is important if you plan to appeal the full cash value of your property. The completed appeal form (DOR 82130) must be filed with the Assessor within 60 days of the printed notice date.

Full Cash Value is used to determine the secondary tax amount. Full Cash Value is a reflection of the market value of your property. In some cases, it is less than market value to accommodate mathematical models adopted by the Department of Revenue.

Limited Value is used to determine primary taxes. Limited Value is calculated according to a statutory formula mandated by the Arizona State Legislature. Limited Value cannot exceed Full Cash Value.

Legal Class determines the Assessment Ratio. Residential properties are assessed at a 10% ratio. The assessment ratio times the value equals the assessed value. The assessed value is then used by the County Treasurer to calculate your tax bill. Legal Class is determined by the use of the property. Class 3 is an owner occupied residence. If it is residential rental property, the legal class would be class 4. Other classes of property are assessed at different ratios. Individual parcels may have more than one use. Such parcels will have a "mixed ratio" applied to the total value.

EXEMPTIONS

If you are widowed or disabled, you may qualify for a property tax exemption. A taxpayer applying for an exemption must submit required documentation to the Assessor’s Office between the first Monday in January and March 1st each year. If you are over 65 you may qualify for Senior homeowner protection, which freezes the value of the residence of low-income seniors. You must re-apply every three years.

APPEALS

If you believe the full cash value of your property is higher than what you could sell it for in the market today, you may wish to file a "Petition for Review of Valuation." The appeal forms (DOR 82130) are available at any Assessor’s Office or Online, and must be returned by the appeal deadline printed on your notice of value. The appeal form includes a check box to request a meeting with an appraiser to discuss your value. The Assessor’s Office will contact you with your meeting date and time. After your meeting for the review of your appeal, the Assessor’s Office must notify you of its decision by August 15th.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Again, the notice of value is not a bill. Your tax bill is prepared and mailed by the County Treasurer, using tax rates set by local jurisdictions and taxing authorities in your district.

The tax bill you receive from the Treasurer will be calculated by dividing your net assessed property value by 100, then multiplying by the current tax rate. The tax rate has two parts, primary and secondary. The primary tax rate pays basic operational expenses for schools and government. The secondary tax rate pays for special districts, overrides, and voter-approved bonds. Tax rates are set by the Board of Supervisors the third Monday in August of the tax year.

The first one-half of your property tax bill is payable on October first of the tax year. The second half of your tax bill is payable on March first of the following year.

There are six Maricopa County Assessor’s Offices available to assist with your questions. The County’s Star Call Center handles inquiries for the Assessor, Treasurer, Recorder, Elections, and Courts, as well as the Board of Supervisors. Just call 506-3406 for the Assessor’s Office nearest you or for any information regarding your notice of value.

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